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However, how can you create a system that has a decentralized ledger How do you give someone the ability to update the ledger without giving them a lot of powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves that in a very creative manner I love to phone Who Wants to Be a Banker
In a nutshell, anyone who wants to take part in updating the ledger of Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do so. All you need is to guess a random number that solves an equation generated by the computer system. Sounds easy, right
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Of course, this guessing is all done by your PC. The stronger your computer is, the further supposes you can create in one second, increasing your chances of winning this game. If you manage to guess correctly, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining pc comes up with the ideal suspect, your mining program determines which of the current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this cube represents your moment of glory, as youve now become a temporary banker of Bitcoin who has to update the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve created, along with the solution, is sent to the whole network so other computers can validate it. Its a bit much like some Rubiks cube: The solution is quite hard to achieve but very easy to validate.
3. Every computer which validates your solution upgrades its copy of the Bitcoin transaction ledger together with the transactions that you opted to include in the block.
4. The system generates a fixed amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them to you as compensation for the time and energy you spent solving the math issue.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees which were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. All the transactions in the cube youve just entered are now confirmed by the Bitcoin network and therefore are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining due to the simple fact that this procedure helps mine new Bitcoins from the computer system. But if you think about it, the mining part is merely a by-product of the transaction confirmation procedure. So that the name is a bit misleading, since the main objective of mining would be to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a form of guessing, for each block, a different miner will guess the number and also be granted the right to update the blockchain. Obviously, that the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but on account of the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the same miner will succeed every time. .
Now that you know what Bitcoin mining is, you might be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the rules for mining in a way that the more mining energy the network gets, the harder it is to imagine the answer to the mining mathematics problem. Therefore the difficulty of this mining process is really self-adjusting into the accumulated mining power the network possesses. .
If more miners join, it is going to get harder to solve the issue; if many of them drop off, it will get easier. This can be known as mining difficulty.
Now, rememberthis is on average. We can have two cubes being added minute after minute and then wait an hour to the next block. In the long run, this will even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this kind of self-adjusting mechanism has created a type of arms race to acquire the most efficient and powerful miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a great deal of miners out there. In reality, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and also his friend Hal Finney were a couple of the only individuals mining Bitcoin back at the time using their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining issue was low. Since Bitcoin started to catch on, folks looked for more powerful mining solutions.